There are many different types of shoes- heels, pumps, sandals, trainers, boots.
Heals come in dfferent sizes, there are kitten heels, mules, stiletto heals. Pumps are pretty standard and there isn't much variation on those, although they do come in many different colours, as with any type of shoes.
There are also different types of trainers. You can get sports trainers, and these also vary too. For example, you can get running trainers, football boots and astro-turf trainers. You can also get casual trainers, which aren't suitable for sports.
Boots also come with many variations- knee-high boots, ankle boots, boots with a heel (see above for more variations of heeled boots), boots without a heel and cowboy-style boots. They also come in different colours, though brown and black are the most common ones.
Sandals also vary- flip-flops, for example, are one type of sandal. You can also get sandals wtih a heel, flat sandals, strappy sandals, and the fashion at the moment is gladiator sandals- boot-like, and stappy.